Oil & Gas
The oil and gas industry in India dates back to 1889 when the first oil deposits in the country were discovered near the town of Digboi in the state of Assam. The natural gas industry in India began in the 1960s with the discovery of gas fields in Assam and Gujarat. Due to lack of adequate petroleum reserves, India has to depend mostly on crude oil imports in near future till its renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, hydro and bio-mass are exploited adequately to achieve energy security by replacing the petroleum products consumption which are also major contributors to the air pollution.
The oil and gas industry in India dates back to 1889 when the first oil deposits in the country were discovered near the town of Digboi in the state of Assam. The natural gas industry in India began in the 1960s with the discovery of gas fields in Assam and Gujarat. Due to lack of adequate petroleum reserves, India has to depend mostly on crude oil imports in near future till its renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, hydro and bio-mass are exploited adequately to achieve energy security by replacing the petroleum products consumption which are also major contributors to the air pollution.
SUBJECT Variables
PRODUCTION
- The total crude oil production was 30.5 million metric tonnes (MMT) in 2020-21, a 5.2% decline over the previous year.
- The total production of Natural Gas was 28.7 billion cubic metres (BCM) in 2020-21, an 8% decline over the previous year.
- The total production of Petroleum Products was 233.5 MMT in 2020-21, an 11.2% decline over the previous year.
CONSUMPTION
- The total crude oil consumption was 221.8 million metric tonnes (MMT) in 2020-21, a 12.8% drop over the previous year.
- The total consumption of Natural Gas was 60.8 billion cubic metres (BCM) in 2020-21, a 5.2% drop over the previous year.
- The total consumption of Petroleum Products was 194.3 MMT in 2020-21, a modest 9.3% drop over the previous year.
- Diesel comprised 37.8% while Petrol comprised 14.4% of the total petroleum products consumed in 2020-21.
- The share of LPG in the total consumption of petroleum products has increased from 10.4% in 2011-12 to 14.2% in 2020-21.
- 22.6% of the total petroleum products consumed in 2019-20 was by the private sector while public sector was responsible for 77.4% of the consumption. The share of private sector in the total consumption of petroleum products has increased from 12.6% in 2011-12 to 22.6% in 2019-20.
- 62% of the total consumption of petroleum products in 2019-20 was within the 3 states of Gujarat, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. The share of these 3 states in the total petroleum products consumed has risen from 47.8% in 2014-15 to 62% in 2019-20.
- 23.5% of the consumption in 2019-20 was on account of imports by private parties.
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